Does remote patient monitoring reduce outpatient appointments?

Researchers at the Institute of Applied Health Research at the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom examined whether digital patient monitoring and remote reporting of symptoms was a way to reduce outpatient waiting lists and appointments.

The results were published by the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine.

Researchers reviewed international examples of the use of electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) systems to triage clinical care. These systems allow patients to fill out questionnaires remotely, with the results sent back to the clinician in near real-time to use in clinical decision-making. Studies of patients, including those with epilepsy, sleep apnea, type 1 diabetes, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and HIV, were included in the review. In Denmark, a generic ePRO system has been used with over 40,000 patients across a range of chronic conditions and has led to substantial reductions in outpatient appointments. In epilepsy clinics, the system led to reductions of up to 48% in in-person outpatient appointments.

Researchers said that the use of the technology is well established in research settings to evaluate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and tolerability of interventions from a patient perspective, but that clinicians are now interested in using patient-level symptom reporting for the clinical management of individual patients in routine practice.

The review provides evidence to support the implementation of ePRO systems for outpatient care, including significant reductions in outpatient appointments without compromising patient outcomes or satisfaction with care, according to the report.

Researchers said that ePROs for outpatient care could facilitate the tailoring of care to patient needs, where stable patients can be monitored remotely using ePROs, thereby avoiding unnecessary check-ups in outpatient clinics and associated costs, such as travel and time off work, without lowering the quality of treatment. This efficient use of scarce health care resources could free up outpatient clinics for patients with high symptom burden or concerning symptoms, so they can be seen more quickly.

The authors say it is important to acknowledge that a proportion of patients, especially the elderly, may prefer face-to-face or telephone outpatient consultations regardless of their health status and may be concerned about or averse to the use of ePROs as a triaging tool.

They also say the findings demonstrate why it is crucial that the use of ePROs for outpatient care is carefully considered, planned, and implemented to ensure that people from underserved populations are not further disadvantaged.

They concluded: “The use of ePROs in outpatient care could potentially allow a more responsive health care system, reduce demand for clinic appointments, reduce time to care with associated improved outcomes, and enhance cost-effectiveness of health care delivery – all of which are beneficial to patients, their families and society.”